Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are becoming an increasing concern globally. These infections are caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites transmitted through sexual contact or body fluids during sex.

With over 30 known pathogens capable of causing STIs, it’s essential to be informed about prevention, testing, and treatment.

According to the WHO, 1 million sexually transmitted infections are contracted every day worldwide.

What Are STIs?

STIs occur when an infectious agent enters the body during sexual contact. They can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender or sexual orientation. They can also be transmitted through syringes (among drug users). The most common STIs are chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, HIV, hepatitis and herpes.

Many STIs can be asymptomatic, meaning people may not show any signs of infection but can still spread the disease to others. This is why testing is so important, even for those who feel healthy.

How to Prevent STIs

The good news is that STIs are preventable. One of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of infection is by using condoms. Condoms act as a barrier, preventing the exchange of bodily fluids during sex. There are also pre- and post-exposure medicine prophylaxis.

Additionally, vaccines are available for certain STIs, such as HPV (Human Papillomavirus) and Hepatitis B, which can offer long-term protection.

STIs Are Treatable

Many STIs, especially those caused by bacteria, can be treated with medication. For example, infections such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis can be cured with antibiotics if caught early. On the other hand, STIs caused by viruses, such as herpes and HIV, cannot be cured, but can be managed with antiviral treatments to reduce symptoms and prevent complications by lowering the viral load.

It is important to start treatment early. If left untreated, STIs can lead to serious health problems such as infertility, chronic pain, cancer and even death.

Talk About It

Communication is key when it comes to sexual health. Talking openly about STIs with your partner and healthcare provider can help reduce stigma and improve understanding. Many people are uncomfortable discussing sexual health, but these conversations are important to ensure safety and prevent the spread of infections.

Testing: The Only Way to Be Sure

Because many STIs show no symptoms, testing is the only way to know for certain whether or not you have an infection. Regular testing is especially important for those with new or multiple sexual partners.

Testing is usually simple and non-invasive, involving a urine sample, blood test, or swab. It's also confidential, and results can be discussed privately with your healthcare provider. You can get a free medical check-up at some associations in Phnom Penh (National Center for HIV/AIDS, STD ).

Take Action: Treating STIs

If you test positive for an STI, early treatment is essential to avoid complications. Depending on the type of infection, your healthcare provider will recommend a course of treatment, which may include antibiotics, antiviral medication, or other therapies. Completing the entire course of treatment, even if symptoms improve, is important to ensure the infection is fully cleared.

Moreover, inform your sexual partners if you test positive so they can get tested and treated if necessary. This helps prevent reinfection and stops the spread of the disease.

Conclusion

STIs are a serious health issue, but with the right information and proactive steps, they can be prevented, tested for, and treated. Whether through condom use,  testing, or open communication with partners, protecting your sexual health should be a priority.

Remember, many STIs show no symptoms, so testing is the only way to know for sure. Take control of your health today – prevention and early treatment can make all the difference.

‍